Star hotel

1.One star hotel: these hotels basically provide all the facilities catered by the tourist standard hotel     with a graded facilities

a. Proper dining outlets

b.  24 hours front office services

c.All the facilities and services offered by non star hotels

2.Two star hotel: Those hotels have a higher facilities and services in term of quality and quantity than one star and non star hotels . there might be a provision of swimming pool. Sports good room with comfortable beds. Extra more outlets with in the premises etc.

3. three star  hotel :generally the three star category hotel offers and following basically facilities and services

a.batter  quantity services

b.large bed room

c.Direct dial phone

d.Cleanliness and comfortable room

coursers TV in all rooms

f.swimming pool

g. all two star hotel facilities and services

4.four star hotel

Generally the four star hotel have the following basic facilities and services

a. Out standing bed rooms large and average.

b.well trained and skilled staffs performing and services

c.all  extra service should be offered

d.standard quality of service

e.all the facilities and services offered by the three star hotel

5. Five star hotel

Generally the five star hotel category hotel offer high class services and following facilities

a.twice daily maid service is standard be well furnished and decorated 

b.waiting room lobby should be well furniture and decorated

3.on promises casino pub disco etc.

4. high class and exclusive rooms

5.more number of outlets and recreation facilities

6.superior restaurant are required and other outlets

7.swimming pool

on the basic of location

a.       Down town hotel: These hotels are located at the heart of the city with in a short distance of the business center public building etc.Rates in these hotels are normally high due to their location advantages facilities and services provided by such hotels may be very exclusive like 24 hours coffee shop, brand pubs ,night clubs disco club etc. the length of guest stay may be very short period of time .

Location: heart of the city of business ares

Target group: short period

Facilities and services :exclusive facilities and services

Room rate: Exclusive outlets

Heart of city: down town

b. Motels :These hotels are located at high way the concept of this term motels is derived form the phrase motels and hotel "which are located principally on high way .They provide modest and lodging to high way traveler overload .the length of guest stay may be 1to 24 hours the special features is parking space steal .The room rate is mode rate to high

  Location:  along the high ways

Target group :High way passengers

Length of guest stay:1to24 hours

Facilities and services: moderate of modern

c.Suburban hotel: these  hotels are located at the suburban areas where modern means of facilities are easily accessible .It  has the advantages of quieter surrounding such hotels are ideal for budget travelers .It can be offered by medium class guest .The length of the guest stay in such hotels depend upon the desire and the interest of the guest to two month which may exceeds from a month to two month and rates are moderate to low .

Location: Suburban hotel

Length of guest stay:1to2 month facilities and services moderate to low

Room rate: moderated to low special feature residential provision for long stay.

Evolution of tourism

 during the stone age of human civilization people travel for the sake of food and shelter. Then the first Olympic was held in Greece in 776 B.C.people started going  watch the Olympic games since then it is thought to be the millstone in the history of tourism industry Thomas cook who was the first people to provide package tour in Europe in 18^th century before the industrial  revolution travel was primarily related to trade and commerce evolution of tourism is divided in three phrases.

a. First phase/step

b.second phase/step

c.third phase/ step

                    First phase: this phase is the period before the industrial revolution during which period people basically travel from place to place for the sake of trade commerce and pilgrimage purpose usually motivating factor to people for travelling during this primacy be follow:

a.       Travel for trade and commerce

b.      Travel for seeking knowledge

c.       Travel for religious purpose

which should accommodation with the following and the services:

1. should have clean and comfortable rooms

2.facility of room service

3. facility of room service

4. offer minimum facilities and services

5.furniture will be luxurious

6.facilities of running hot and cold water supply in the rest room with attached bathroom.

7. valet or laundry service

8.telephone facilities in a room

Tourist

People who travel e for one destination  to another for various purpose like leisure  religious etc  but  not for earning is called tourist . the common characters'  of  tourist are temporary visitors move out of the destination and short stay as well as involvement in different activates.

Types of tourist

1. leisure tourist

2. Recreational tourist

3. holiday tourists

4. student tourists

5. special mission tourist

6. adventure tourists

7. religious tourists

Components of tourism

It is most important factor which is to attract the tourists towards the motirated  destination. It includes  attraction accessibility accommodation and amenities which are the major components of tourism .It is also known as 4A of tourism.

1.Attraction

2.Assessibility

3.Accommodation

4.Amenities

1.Attraction:It is one part of components of tourism . it is the most required factor to motivate the tourist  towards the host community. It required in every tourism  attracting destination. Attraction is divided into two groups.

a. Natural attraction: it is naturally prepared attraction of region attracts tourism. It includes climate natural beauty land scope mountains  valley water resources flora and fauna wild life etc.

b. Man made attraction: It is the part of modified world which is attraction for tourism created development by the man. It includes attraction of historical building music festivals temples , churches museums , casino , disco etc.

2.Accessibility:It is another most important factor for the development of tourism. It refers to the means by which tourist can reach towards the destination it is made of transporting and it is classified in to 3 groups.

a. Air transportation aeroplane

b.water  transportion ship

c.surface transporting rail, buses, cares etc.

3.Accommodation: after reaching the destination they required the living place for them which provide food and beverage facilities . It is must required of food and resting facilities for the tourists .there are two types of accommodation.

a. Serviced accommodation: hotel, lodges

b. supplementary accommodation: pension camp, youth hotel, girl hostel ,dharamsala etc.

4.Amenities: It is the extra facilities components of tourism. It refers to the elements which help tourists to get pleasure and satisfaction from destination. It means that all necessary facilities and services to make the tourist feel comfortable in travel . it includes the matter of providing visa tickets foreign money exchange passport etc.

Nature of tourism

From above the definition we can define the nature of tourism as

1.Tourism arises from the environment of the people, their sty in the various destinations

2. There are two elements in all tourism such such as journey to the destination and their activities at the destination.

3. The journey and the stay should be outside the normal place of residence and works.

4. The movements to the destination should be temporary with the intention of returning with may be within few a day a month's or within a year.

5. Destination are visited for purpose other than taking of permanent residence employment

remunerated from within the place visited

Tourism should be remunerated towards the motive destination selected by tourist for leisure, pleasure, entertaining purpose rather than for  business or permanent residential view. It concern with Types of Tourism

1.Domestic or internal Tourism: Travelling of the people outside their usual place to recidanc to other

  areas with in the country is called internal tourism. In this tourism traveler should not needed passport visa and foreign currencies.

2.International Tourism: Travelling of the people outside their usual place of residence to other areas with outde the country is called intematind  tourism. In this should  tourism  travelers should full  fill their certain requirements like passport visa and foreign currency and needed.

Other types of tourism

1.       Sport tourism : travel with the purpose of watching enjoying and participating national or international sporting events is called sport tourism for eg football, horse ridding, car racing, golf etc.

2.       Business tourism: travel with the meetings exhibitions and trade fairs confence event is called business for eg business, House, shopping centre.

3.       Recreational tourism: tourists who travel with the purpose of refresh themselves when tired category called recreational tourism for eg beautiful view of mountains rivers valley.

4.       Leisure tourism: tourists who travel for eg enjoying holiday in different places of observing new places climate natural environment is called leisure tourism for eg  pata durbar bhaktapur darbur

5.       Cultural tourism :tourists who travel with the purpose  of different cultural tourism for eg different types of cultural like nepali  cultural American cultural etc.

6.       Mass tourism: which tourism have large number of people  participate is called mass tourism . In this type of tourism include travels for religious purpose.

he spending   of money towards the destination which is related to the nature of tourism. 

Concept and meaning of Tourism

When we think about tourism, there comes the matter of people visiting particular destination for various entertaining, leisure, business purpose as whole to have their good time or some kind of business or professional activities as well as those who are taking a study tour under an export guide or doing some kind of scientific research or study.

All tourism includes some travel but all travel is not tourism. Tourism is basically leisure activity which may involve discretionary use of time and spending of money and recreations or business purpose is often the purpose in participation of tourism. However it is but there we can't make any restriction in modern concept of tourism. In today's world tourism includes all travelling except commuting.

In today's context the world 'tourism' is so popular, which is derived from French world and was originated in 19^th century .The world 'Tourism ' is derived from a Latin world 'Toreros' which means a tool for describing a circle or turners' wheel. This is a world of compass or rather a pain at the end of stretched string used to describe a circle. It is from this world 'Toreros' which weans a tool for describing a circle of stretched string used to describe a circle .It is from this world 'toreros' that the nation of a round tour or a package tour has become popular .Finally, it was as late as 1643 that the term was first used in sense of going round or travelling the major places of a country.

Until 19th century, the world Tourism did not appear in English language. The literal meaning of tourism is the practice of touring or travelling .Thus, tourism is the most recent and significant phenomenon of mordent time .If we cofensider any attempt to define tourism and to describe its scope then must consider on various ground that participate in and are action feted by this industry .There must be considerate which are their perspective s which are vital for the development of a comprehensive definition

The Tourist

They seek psychic, physical experiences and satisfaction whereas they also determine the destination chosen and activities enjoyed.

The business providing tourist goods and services: It refers to the business purpose of business people to earn profit and by supplying tourist demands that is goods and services as per standard to the guest.

The government of the host community or area: As the government of the host country view tourism as a wealth factor in the economy, their perspectives is related to the incomes which their citizen can earn from tourism. Government considers foreign exchange, tax as well as all types of receipt collected from tourist which may be directly or indirectly received from them.

The host community: Tourism is a whole economical, cultural and the employment factor for the host community. In this there is the effect of the interaction between large numbers of international visitors and residents of the host community which may be beneficial or harmful or both effects.

Concept and meaning of Tourism

The world tourism has been defined in various ways as the first definition of tourism was given by Austrian Economist Herman V . Scholar in 1910 as:

"The sum total of operation, mainly of economic nature , directly city or region".

The concept of tourism adopted by the international Association of Scientific Experts in tourism was put forward by the Swiss Professor Henniker and Kraft as follows:

"Tourism is the sum of phenomena and relationship arising from the travel and stay of non residents in so far as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not connected with any earning activate."

The officially accepted definition by WTO of tourism is "Tourism comprises the activity of person's travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one conceptive year for leisure business and other propose 

Concept and Nature of Hospitality

The term hospitality refers to the relationship between a guest and a host and it also refers to the practice of being hospitable. It includes cordial reception and entertainment of guest's visitors or strangers. Hospitality is also known as the act of generously providing care and kindness to whoever is in need. According to the oxford dictionary hospitality is defined as the reception and entertainment of guest visitor of strangers with liberality and goodwill.

The hospitality industry is one of the oldest commercial industries in the world. The hospitality industry is a part of the larger business enterprise known as travel and tourism which is responsible for providing a wide range of travel related services like mode of travel accommodation food and drinks recreational activities and other facilities required to travelers. Hospitality industry really looks like a glamorous industry. It is an umbrella term which indicates including hotels, restaurants, casinos, catering, industry, resorts, and clubs etc. The industry is very diverse and global and is greatly affected by fluctuations within the economy or by various happening around the world.

Classification of hotel

1.On the basic of size :this basic of classifications is based on the number of saleable room available in hotel .

a. Small hotel:    Hotels containing  1 to 25 salable room

b.Medium hotel: Hotels  containing  26th 100 salable room

c. Large hotel: Hotel containing 101 to 300 salable room

d.Very large hotel: Hotel containing more than 300 salable rooms

2 .on the basic of facilities and service provided: it is the most important classification because the facilities offered by the hotel plays a great importance when hotel adds facilities for guest it is up graded in its rating .this category basically encompasses the star provision rating system of the hotel.

a.Non star hotel: Star hotel basically covers the tourist standard hotel or accommodation units which should accommodation units which should accommodation  with the following and services:

1.should have clean and comfortable rooms

2.facility of room services

3.offer minimum facilities and services

4 .furniture will be luxurious

5.facilites of running hot and cold water supply in the rest room with attached bathroom

6.valent or laundry service

7.24 hours telephone service and front office service

8.telephone facilities in room

d.Resort: These hotels located at natural sites like hill side at sea beach jungle and forest lake side etc which may be far away from crowed areas and with the full view of natural beauties such hotel are very ideal for the long staying vacation guests nature lovers and the honey moon couple who are in the search of peaceful environment. The length of guest stay in such hotels are many depends upon the plan of the guests which may be stay one week to1 month .the room rates offered is moderated to high:

Location: Natural sites

Target group: natural  lover

Length of guest:1week to 1 month

Room rate: moderate to high

Special features: sporting facilities

e.Transit hotel: These hotel are located at the transit points usually in the airports,seaport and railway station etc.Such hotels are ideal for transit passengers with over night lay over who have few  hours to spend or the air lines passengers and the crew with the cancelled flights. The length of guest stay in such hotel may from 1 hours to 24 hours depending up on the length of transit and room rate is exclusively high

location:Transit points

target group:transit passengers

length of guest stay:1 to 24 hours

facility and services:moderate motormen

exclusively high

special features:exclusive outlet and VIP lounge.

INTRODUCTION TO HOTEL

Hotel :hotel is a commercial establishment that provide lodging food and other services to public .the hotel business is an important industry in many countries especially in those attracting a large tourist. It basically caters food and beverage to the general public along with various amenities with the view to provide the hospitality services for ensuring the high degree of customer satisfaction meaning of a hotel can be summed up with the following full form:

H:Hospitality

O:Organization

T:Tourism activites

E:Eating

L: Lodging

Importance of Tourism

tourism is an activity  which exist from the economic activities of a tourist related with the entry stay and  the movement  with out or outside the certain country region and city . the tourism industry has a significant contribution for the over all development nation as it is the major source of foreign currency some points of importance of tourism are as follow:

1.       Regional development

2.       Employment opportunity

3.       Income generate

4.       Cultural understanding

5.       Educational significance

6.       Life style change

1.Regional development : Tourism is one of the major source of income for many individuals and the nation too. There will be a follow  of economy from one region to another due to tourism activities basic infers  structures. Such as road drinking water , electricity and other things like hotels, resort ,restaurants will lead the regional development.

2.Employment opportunity: It creates an employment to  huge number of people ranging from unskilled to highly skilled .it is also creates seasonal employment which lead to the source of income to most of direct or indirect employment to large number of population.

3. Income generate :Tourism will create an employment opportunity and the people employed will however generate source of income in return . The seasonal income for eg people involved in trekking will generate a considerable amount of money as a seasonal income during the tourist seasonal august of November.

4 Cultural understanding: tourism is only the key factor for maintaining the cultural understanding between the hosts and the guest. In fact  the host cultural tradition .customs and values should be exchanged in such a way that will develop a cultural understanding.

5. Educational signification: Tourism helps to explore the similarities of human  feeling and knowledge without discrimination the country and culture. It has a direct knowledge and emotions ideas and views of other however has educational. Significance.